The classification of animals into wild, wild, exotic, domestic and synanthropic is crucial to understanding diversity and the different relationships that human beings have with fauna. This is because each category reflects specific characteristics related to habitat, behavior and interaction with human communities.
However, it is common to see confusion between these classifications, which can result in inadequate treatment and legislation or even risks to biodiversity and public health. Understanding the differences between these groups promotes the conservation of wild species, the proper management of domestic animals, the control of synanthropic species and the regulation of the presence of exotic animals.
Therefore, below, understand what wild, wild, exotic, domestic and synanthropic animals are! Â
1. Wild animals
Wild animals wild refer to those that live in their natural environment, not domesticated or manipulated by human intervention. They inhabit varied ecosystems, such as forests, savannahs, deserts, oceans, etc. They also have natural behaviors adapted to survival in the wild. Examples: tigers, lions, elephants, bears, among others.
2. Wild animals
According to IBAMA (Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources), wild animals are those that live naturally in non domesticated environments, such as wilderness, but can also be found in parks and nature reserves, including areas preserved by man. In addition, they maintain natural behaviors but can be influenced by human presence. Examples: migratory birds, deer, rabbits, among others.
3. Exotic animals
According to IBAMA, exotic animals are those not native to the region where they are found. They are usually there due to importation or introduction into the area by human action. They can adapt to different environments, often outside their area of origin. In addition, they show different behaviors due to the conditions of the new environment. Examples: Burmese python (in non-native areas), green iguana (outside its natural habitat), among others.
4. Domestic animals
According to IBAMA, domestic animals are those that have been domesticated and raised in close contact with human beings over the course of time. They even live in environments controlled by individuals, such as houses, farms or cities. In addition, they develop specific behaviors related to living with humans. Examples: dogs, cats, chickens, cows, among others.
5. Synanthropic animals
Synanthropic animals have a strong association with human environments, adapting and thriving in urban areas or near human settlements. In other words, they prefer environments modified by humans, such as cities, villages and agricultural areas. In addition, they show a hability to adapt to urban conditions, often feeding on human waste. Examples: pigeons, rats, cockroaches, flies and other insects.
